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CCR a admis sesizările privind codurile penale: Modificările sunt neconstituționale

By Andreea Traicu , in Justitie Politic Stirile zilei , at 29 iulie 2019 Etichete: , ,

CCR a admis ambele sesizări privind codurile penale, stabilind că modificările sunt neconstituționale. Principalul motiv care a stat la baza deciziei este necorelarea de către Parlament a celor două coduri, Penal și de Procedură Penală, cu deciziile CCR. Sesizările au fost formulate de opoziție și de președintele Klaus Iohannis.

A șaptea amânare

Pe 11 iulie, CCR a amânat pentru a șaptea oară o decizie privind codurile penale.

Pe 24 aprilie, Camera Deputaţilor a adoptat proiectele pentru modificarea Codului penal şi a celui de procedură penală. Asta după ce, timp de aproape un an, Tudorel Toader a amânat luarea unei decizii prin Ordonanțe de Urgență, cerută insistent de coaliția PSD – ALDE. Nemulțumiți că ministrul justiției nu se ține de cuvânt, deputații puterii au adoptat codurile în Parlament. Amânarea unei OUG pentru modificarea codurilor penale a dus la demisia lui Tudorel Toader.

USR și PNL au depus două sesizări de neconstituţionalitate, susţinând că, prin aceste proiecte de lege, se aduc peste 300 de modificări „nocive” Codului penal şi Codului de procedură penală. USR consideră că toate aceste modificări vin în contradicţie nu doar cu statul de drept, ”şubrezind politica penală a României” şi favorizând infractorii, ci şi cu Legea fundamentală. Și președintele Iohannis a sesizat Curtea.

Ce modificări susține opoziția că vor ajuta infractorii:

  • Reducerea termenelor de prescripție: de la 10 ani la 8 ani (când legea prevede pentru infracţiunea săvârşită pedeapsa închisorii mai mare de 10 ani, dar care nu depăşeşte 20 de ani); de la 8 ani la 6 ani (când legea prevede pentru infracţiunea săvârşită pedeapsa închisorii mai mare de 5 ani, dar care nu depăşeşte 10 ani).
  • De asemenea, a fost dezincriminată total infracțiunea de neglijență în serviciu prin abrogarea art. 298.
  • au fost înjumătățite pedepsele pentru infracțiunile de delapidare (art. 295) și abuz în serviciu (art. 297), dacă autorii faptelor achită prejudiciul până la rămânerea definitivă a sentinței.
  •  a fost abrogat articolul care se referă la abuzul în serviciu: art. 13 indice 2 din legea 78/2000 privind combaterea și prevenirea faptelor de corupție: ”În cazul infracțiunilor de abuz în serviciu sau de uzurpare a funcției, dacă funcționarul public a obținut pentru sine ori pentru altul un folos necuvenit, limitele speciale ale pedepsei se majorează cu o treime”.
  • a fost menținută interdicția comunicărilor publice și a declarațiilor, precum și furnizarea de informații, direct sau indirect, despre o persoană urmărită penal sau trimisă în judecată (art. 4).
    Mandatele pe siguranță națională nu mai pot fi utilizate în dosarele obisnuite.

Sesizarea președintelui Klaus Iohannis

Președintele mentionează în sesizare că legea privind modificarea Codului penal a mai fost supusă o dată controlului de constituţionalitate. CCR a constat neconstituţionalitatea unora dintre prevederi, însă, în procedura reexaminării, Parlamentul a adoptat aceste prevederi, cu depăşirea limitelor fixate de Curtea Constituţională. De asemenea, președintele susține că prin adoptarea modificarilor legilor penale în Camera Deputaților se încalcă principiul bicameralismului.

„Însă, în procedura reexaminării legii – deschisă potrivit art. 147 alin. (2) din Constituţie – Parlamentul a adoptat legea criticată cu încălcarea art. 147 alin. (2) din Constituţie. Astfel, cu ocazia punerii în acord a unora dintre dispoziţiile legii, declarate neconstituţionale, cu Decizia nr. 633/2018, Parlamentul, pe de o parte şi-a ignorat obligaţia constituţională de a pune în acord textele din legea criticată cu decizii anterioare ale Curţii Constituţionale, aspect ce contravine dispoziţiilor art. 147 alin. (2) coroborate cu cele ale art. 147 alin. (1) şi alin. (4) din Constituţie, iar pe de altă parte, în procedura punerii de acord nu a realizat corelările necesare, adoptând reglementări ce contravin principiului legalităţii, fiind astfel încălcate prevederile art. 147 alin. (2) prin raportare la art. 1 alin. (5) din Constituţie”, precizează Iohannis în sesizare.

„Totodată, în procedura de punere în acord a legii, legiuitorul a încălcat şi principiul bicameralismului consacrat de art. 61 alin. (2) şi art. 75 din Constituţie, precum şi depăşirea limitelor fixate prin Decizia nr. 633/2018”, completează preşedintele României.

 

Foto: Inquam Photos/George Călin

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